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> Romanian fortifications
jirka vrba
Posted: June 27, 2004 09:05 pm
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some photos of czech L1 weapon (4cm AT)
http://www.bunkry.cz/foto.asp?id=6
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jirka vrba
Posted: June 27, 2004 09:09 pm
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... and "grenade slide" - czechoslovak fortif. - It is third photo from top
http://www.military.cz/opevneni/to.html
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Carol I
Posted: July 01, 2004 09:01 am
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Jurnalul Naţional has published today an article about the Focşani-Nămoloasa-Galaţi fortified line with a focus on Nămoloasa. The article is available in Romanian only.

QUOTE
Namoloasa
Suprafata: 5.600 ha  
25 de kilometri de cazemate ramase din razboi  
Populatie: 2.388 locuitori  
2 scoli, 2 gradinite  
Peste 65% au mai mult de 60 de ani; doar doua sute de minori  
Primar: Valerian Todita (PSD)  
Consiliul local: 100% PSD  
Bugetul comunei: 6 miliarde de lei  


In satul Namoloasa au ramas doar veteranii
Oana Stancu

Cazemate din beton, sapate la un metru si jumatate adancime, in pamantul pe care nu se mai cultiva nimic. Un canal antitanc, ajuns marul discordiei intre doi insi care vor sa scoata un ban de pe urma lui. Singurele lucruri care amintesc de timpurile cand de linia fortificata Focsani - Namoloasa - Galati se legau strategiile de aparare fie impotriva nemtilor in 1916-1917, fie impotriva rusilor, in vara anului 1944. Astazi la Namoloasa ele sunt in amintirea veteranilor.  

Cand dai sa parasesti Galatiul spre Vrancea, campurile devin tot mai invadate de buruieni. O tarla de papusoi si iar cat cuprinzi cu ochii numai ghimpi si buruieni. Treci peste podul de pe raul Ramnicu Sarat fara sa-l observi. Prilej de mustrari de constiinta mai tarziu, cand afli cata sudoare a curs pana sa se toarne betonul pentru acest pod. Asa a fost scos din izolare satul dintre Ramnic si Siret. Abia cand o aratare cu mitraliera, casca verzulie si obraji ca de papusa murdarita de ruj ti se arata cocotata pe un soclu, te bate gandul ca aici trebuie sa fie locurile unde s-a tinut piept nemtilor si rusilor in doua razboaie.  

20 de hectare de cazemate
Cazemate la tot pasul. Dar astazi betonul e numai bun de tampon intre trupurile celor cativa gura-casca iesiti la poarta si tarana. Mai sus, in camp, un satean a facut din cazemata cotet pentru porci. Pe 20 de hectare, doar cazematele astea sunt cultivate. \"Nemtii ne-au stricat pamantul, lor trebuie sa le cerem despagubiri\", glumeste viceprimarul, Vlad Stefan. In primul razboi mondial, namolosenii au fugit din calea frontului. Tunurile au ras locuintele de pe fata pamantului, dar namolosenii s-au intors. In al doilea razboi mondial au plecat din nou si s-au intors iar. Astazi in comuna au mai ramas batranii. Peste 60% din cele 2.400 de suflete care traiesc in comuna Namoloasa sunt trecute de 60 de ani. Cand imi numara 200 de copii, viceprimarul include toata suflarea pana in 18 ani.
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\"Maginot\" romanesc: Linia de aparare fata de agresiunea ruseasca - Focsani - Namoloasa  
Razvan Belciuganu

Fortificarea zonei Focsani - Galati a fost o prioritate pentru conducerea Armatei inca de la 1887. Se dorea consolidarea apararii teritoriului national in fata unei eventuale agresiuni dinspre est sau dinspre nord.  

Lucrarile erau necesare pentru a apara zona dintre marele cot al Dunarii si Carpatii de Curbura. Urmarile razboiului de independenta din 1877 au dus la aceasta concluzie. Constructia propriu-zisa a inceput in 1888 si s-a terminat in 1893, costul total fiind, potrivit istoricilor militari, de 26.422.640 de lei, mai mult de jumatate din bugetul cheltuielilor Ministerului de Razboi pe acel an.  

Proiect nemtesc
La baza studiilor au stat proiectele de baterii cuirasate ale maiorului neamt Maximilian Schumann. Practic, cele trei fronturi intarite, Focsani, Namoloasa si Galati, avand o densitate de 6,7 guri de foc pe kilometru de front erau dispuse in adancime pe trei linii de aparare. Frontul Focsani consta in 15 grupuri de baterii cuirasate si o intarire izolata, care se dezvolta pe un arc de cerc de 26 kilometri, avand orasul Focsani drept centru. Departarea maxima de oras a frontului era de 7 kilometri la flancul stang. Frontul Namoloasa, a carui lungime era de 12,5 kilometri, constituia \"capul de pod\" pe malul stang al Siretului si avea menirea de a apara podurile de la Lungoci, Fundeni si Namoloasa. Acest lucru ii permitea Armatei Romane sa opereze pe ambele maluri ale Siretului. Frontul era format din 8 grupe de baterii cuirasate asezate pe doua linii concentrice.  

La inceputul anului 1914, in regiunea Focsani - Namoloasa - Galati se gaseau 676 de tunuri, obuziere si mortiere. In februarie 1915, la fortificatii se gaseau 7.033 militari. In timpul primului razboi mondial, aceste fortificatii au fost inutile. Dar ele au fost reconsiderate de conducerea Armatei dupa inceperea celui de-al doilea razboi mondial. Iata cum descrie generalul Constantin Pantazi, in lucrarea \"Cu maresalul pana la moarte\" (Ed. Publiferom), linia Focsani - Namoloasa - Adjud: \"Era fortificata in beton, realizandu-se o pozitie de rezistenta cu liniile clasice de aparare reiesite din experienta razboiului. Existau trei linii betonate: linia principala de rezistenta, linia de dublare si linia redutelor. Fortificatiile acestor pozitii fusesera completate printr-o linie inaintata de \"tabruk\"-uri, pe linia de contact, si organizatiuni in adancime pe 60 de kilometri. Pozitia era barata de santuri anticar, toate cazematele fusesera intarite prin acoperire cu un strat gros de pamant si camuflate in teren. Desigur, era o pozitie forte tre, care prezenta totusi un singur dezavantaj: avea spatele descoperit\". Dupa intoarcerea armelor din 1944, fortificatiile s-au dovedit din nou inutile.  

Structura
\"Era fortificata in beton, realizandu-se o pozitie de rezistenta cu liniile clasice de aparare reiesite din experienta razboiului. Existau trei linii betonate: linia principala de rezistenta, linia de dublare si linia redutelor.\" - Constantin Pantazi, General

In 1917, Marele Cartier General al Armatei Romane a elaborat un plan de ofensiva ce prevedea doua lovituri simultane, in zona Marasti si pe Siretul Inferior, in zona Namoloasa, lovituri ce aveau ca scop incercuirea si distrugerea Armatei 9 germane.  
Pregatirea generala de artilerie a inceput in dimineata zilei de 22 iulie 1917 si a durat pana in seara zilei urmatoare, reusind sa dezorganizeze o parte din fortificatiile germane, producand 12 brese in retelele de sarma ghimpata. Rezultatele bune ale bombardamentului l-au facut pe generalul Averescu sa decida declansarea atacului pe 24 iulie.
...
Bataliile care s-au purtat pe aceste locuri in vara lui 1917 au spulberat definitiv planurile nemtilor si austro-ungarilor. Armata a 9-a germana s-a oprit in darzenia romanilor la Namoloasa.
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dragos03
Posted: July 04, 2004 02:29 pm
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I bought a book from 1933, "Fortificatia permanenta contemporana", written by Lt-col D. Vasiliu (who later died at Sevastopol). Inside there are maps and details about the forts of Bucharest, FNG line and the Cernavoda bridgehead. If you want details, ask.
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Victor
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:20 am
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Sunday I made a little trip to Constanta and went along the coast from the Casino to the Frontier Police Barracks, mostly searching for the fortifications mentioned by Andy in his posts. I photographed a lot of concrete. biggrin.gif Not all of it are pillboxes though. I remembered some round concrete things in the ridge's slope from when I used to go to Constanta as a child in the early 90s. To my disappointment they turned out to be only the surface structure of underground water reservoirs. But I managed to find several genuine WW2 fortifications.

I have attached the following maps from www.rolitoral.ro and marked the location of the bunkers on them.

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Victor
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:22 am
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1. Black Dot on the first map

I am not so sure if it is a pillbox or not.
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Victor
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:25 am
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2. Red Dot on the first map

This is definately a pillbox. It's just near a football field on the Modern Beach, on the right side of the showers.

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Victor
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:29 am
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3. Grey Dot on the first map

These are the twin pillboxes near the Casino Andy mentioned.

The left one:
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(the entrance)
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The right one:
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Victor
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:35 am
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4. Black Dot on the second map

This pillbox is practically on the beach, some 10 m away from the sand.

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dragos03
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:53 am
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I also found some bunkers during my recent trip to the sea.

1. This one is a typical Black Sea bunker (near the "nudi" beach in 2 Mai)

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dragos03
Posted: August 17, 2005 10:58 am
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2. This is probably the weirdest type of Black Sea fort. (On a beach near the 23 August train station)

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dragos03
Posted: August 17, 2005 11:01 am
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3. The interior of a bunker (now the basement of the house of the mayor in 2 Mai).

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C-2
Posted: August 17, 2005 11:58 am
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Administrators!
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Dragos posted photos with naked dudes!
Ban him! laugh.gif
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Agarici
Posted: August 17, 2005 01:05 pm
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QUOTE (C-2 @ Aug 17 2005, 11:58 AM)
Administrators!
Moderators!
Dragos posted photos with naked dudes!
Ban him! laugh.gif


I bet the nudists chicks were running like the wind seeing a dressed man, walking with a camera on their beach. biggrin.gif Or was he naked too? ohmy.gif
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C-2
Posted: August 17, 2005 06:19 pm
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laugh.gif laugh.gif
Dragos's hair is so long that he's dressed even if he's naked biggrin.gif
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